Hollow composition wall construction.



R. B. EASON, In.

HOL'LOW COMPOSITION WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. II, I916.

Patented June 5, 1917.

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RQB. EAS0N,JR. HOLLOW C OOOO SITION WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APP CATION FILED IAN H l9l6 1,228,%17. Patgnted June 5, 1917.- 2

I K Witness- ELMZJTM 1 2 3 W RICHARD B. EASON, ar or new YORK, iiQY.

HOLLOW COMPOSITION WALL CONSTRUCTION.

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Specification of Letters Patent Patented June 5, 1917.

Application filedJanuary 11, 1916. Serial No. 71,514.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, RICHARD B. Eason, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough of the Bronx, in the city and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hollow Composition Wall. Construction, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in a new and improved hollow composition wall construction which is adapted for use in all kinds of buildings.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a hollow composition wall which will be fire and damp proof.

A second object is to provide a hollow composition wall construction in which the two tiers composing the wall do. not touch each other but are bound together by a novel means.

Another object of my invention is to provide a wall of this character which can be cheaply and quickly constructed without the use of skilled labor. 1

A further object of my invention is to provide a new and improved form of blocks, the use of which will do away with the cumbersome forms and molds heretofore used incomposition wall construction.

A still further object is to provide certain improvements in *the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts composing the wall, whereby the above men tioned and other objects may be effectively carried out. i

A practical embodiment of my invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of two adjoining walls, a portion of one being broken away to show the interior construction and the other wall being shown in section.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view ofthe-walls shown in Fig. 1. a

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section taken in the plane of the line A-A of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical. section taken in the plane of the line B-B of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged top plan view of several adjoining blocks in both parts of the wall, and

Fig. 6 is an enlarged plan view of the bottom faces of the blocks shown in Fig. 5.

My wall is what is known as a hollow wall. an i warn dhis tiers 9? su rposed blocks with an air chamber between them.

The blocks 1, which formthe wall may be molded wet or cast in the form in which they are to be used and while Iprefer to make them of a stone concrete mixture, they can be made of any suitable material.

The upper and lower faces of the blocks 1 have longitudinally extending tapered tongues 2 and grooves 3. These tongues and grooves are so arranged that when one block is placed upon another, a portionof the joint between the two blocks is closed and the remaining portion is open, thus forming an open joint 4. This open joint is secured by the different inclination of the faces of the adjacent tongues and grooves.

Each block 1 is provided with one or more downwardlydiaring holes 5 extending entirely through the blocks in a vertical direction for a purpose to be hereinafter described. It also has along the length of its inner face and near the center thereof, a shallow vertically extending recess 6 having outwardly flaring walls and both ends of the block have vertically extending undercut recesses 7, all for a purpose to be hereinafter described. 7

0n the upper faces of each block and substantially in the center thereof, is located a groove 8, semi-circular in form and near each end of the block is located a similar groove 9, for receiving and locating the annular tie pieces 10, whose function will be hereinafter described.

Having particularly described the blocks which go to make up my wall, I will now describe the manner in which the wall is put in place- A suitable foundation having been prepared, blocks are laid upon and cemented to the foundation. These blocks are arranged in two rows with an air space. 11 between them. Theblocks 1 of these two rows are laid so as to break joints, that is, the joint between the ends of any two adjoining blocks is substantially opposite the center of the block in the other row. Thisarrangement of the blocks brings the grooves 8 and 9 in opposite blocks into a position where they form arcs of the same circle. The annular metallic tie pieces 10 are then placed in the grooves 8 and 9, thus connecting the center of each block in one row wi h th en at oppo ad o n o k in the other row. The tie pieces 10 may be of iron or steel or other suitable material.

The grooves 9 are so located with respect to the size of the tie pieces 10, that when the tie pieces are located in said grooves, a space or open joint 12 is left between adjoining blocks.

A second layer or course of blocks is now placed on the first, that portion of each block next to the air chamber forming, through the medium of the tongues 2 and grooves 3, a tight joint with its superposed block when the latter is plumb with the one beneath and is held in this position by small wedges of wood or other suitable material inserted into the open joint 4 between the cut away faces of the tongues and grooves in the outside portions of the blocks. This second course of blocks is so laid with respect to the blocks beneath that the center of the block above is directly over the open joint 12,

between the ends of the adjoining blocks beneath, thus breaking joints in a vertical direction. Mortar or cement which is now poured into the holes 5 in the blocks will fill up the horizontal open joints 4, thus flushing these joints and fastening the blocks in position. The small wooden wedges may then be taken from between the blocks and the joints faced up from the outside. This procedure is then carried out in a similar manner as each succeeding course of blocks is laid.

After the third course of blocks has been laid, semi-cylindrical forms 13 which are The marginal portions of the form 13 are inserted into the undercut recesses 7 in the ends of adjoining blocks and the form pushed. down past the center of the block in the second course, through recesses 7 in adjoinin the foundation. The form 13 is thus held in position by the undercut recesses 7 of the blocks of the first and third courses and extends through the shallow recess 6 in the intermediate block with the margins of the form resting on the flaring faces of the recess 6. Since the wall is laid with broken joints vertically, the form 13 adjoining the one just described will be held in position by the recesses 7 in the ends of adjoining blocks of the second course and will abut the faces of the recesses 6 inthe centers of the vertically adjacent blocks in the first and third rows. I

The forms 13 having been located as described, mortar or cement is now poured into the mold formed by the form 13 and the ends of the blocks, to form a reinforcing pier-1r,

ends of the blocks in the first course til the bottom of the form rests on embedded in one of said piers.

a tongue of which extends into the open joint 12, sealing this joint. A reinforcing pier is thus provided which may be further strengthened with steel rods or other material, if desired, and which will form a dovetail joint between the ends of adjoining blocks and will abut the inside of the block beneath, thus strengthening the wall construction. These piers 14L will also serve to firmly anchorthe tie pieces 10.

The balance of the tiers are now built as hereinbefore described and the reinforcing piers extended in height after every third course of blocks is laid, in the manner described. The cardboard forms 13 may be left in the wall or may be removed after the piers are set.

The corners of my wall are formed of especially constructed blocks bound together by tie pieces spanning the corner joints as shown in Fig. 2.

It will be readily seen that provision can be made for lintel and floor levelsas the wall progresses.

The air chamber between; the tiers may be of any desired width, the tie pieces, of course, varying in size with the width of this chamber.

It will be obvious that the wall can only beflbuilt plumb and level since the blocks and tie pieces will not fit in place except under these conditions. 7

I have found that my wall can be constructed in the coldest weather by heating the air in the air chamber, because all the wet concrete is on the inside and by using the air chamber as afiue, it can be readily dried. The blocks can be cast either'with finished imitation stone faces or the faces may be left rough to receive stucco.

If it is desired, reinforcing rods of iron or steel may be placed in the holes 5 of the blocks and run to any height desired to strengthen the structure.

It is obvious that certain changes may be resorted to in the form, construction and arrangement .of the various parts of my wall without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; hence I do not wish to limit myself strictly to the form herein shown and described.

What I claim is: j V 1. A; hollow composition wall having two tiers of blocks with an air space between them, the blocks in the two tiers having horizontal and vertical broken joints, reinforcing vertical piers forming integ'ralparts of the vertical joints of the blocks of each tier and extending along the inner faces of the intervening blocks and annular metallic tie pieces for connecting the said tiers, each tie piece having a portion of itscircumference 2, In a hollow composition wall',,tw o tiers ofblock's w th an air space between them,

the said blocks being arranged in the two and an annular metallic tie piece adapted to tiers so as to have horizontal and vertical rest in the said grooves to lock the two tiers broken joints, the top of one block in one together. 10 tier having a curved groove near its center In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as 5 and the tops of the two blocks, opposite the my invention, I have signed my name this first block, in the other tier having, in their thirtieth day of December 1915. adjacent ends, corresponding curved grooves RICHARD B. EASON, J R.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. 

